Expert opinion: Dina Bektleeva
04.09.2020
The President's initiatives reflected the living standards of the population in a timely manner. In his next Address to the people of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev noted that the economy must work to improve the welfare of the people. A high level of well-being of the population is the goal of any state, including Kazakhstan. There are still problems in this issue in Kazakhstan, which, according to the Address, should be kept to a minimum. The main indicator of people's well-being is their income. Unfortunately, in our country, especially in recent months due to quarantine measures, negative trends related to the dynamics of the population's income continue to increase: 1. Reduction of income and deterioration of its structure. The analysis of the income structure in the Republic for the 1st quarter of 2020 compared to the corresponding period of the previous year showed a decrease in the share of income from labor, self-employment, and business activities and a significant increase in the share of social transfers. In particular, the share of income from self-employment and entrepreneurship decreased by 0.9 percentage points. We see the solution to this problem in the Address. For example, the President instructed to provide state subsidies for interest rates on all existing SME loans in the affected sectors of the economy. 2. Maintaining a high share of low-income employees (43% of employees with wages below the median salary of KZT 112.1 thousand). We also see a solution to this problem in the Address. For example, measures were proposed to increase the income from work of the following categories of citizens: medical workers, teachers, rural residents. 3. Strengthening regional differentiation by income level. In the context of regions, the largest amount of income was formed in the Mangistau region – KZT 898 thousand, and the smallest in the Akmola region – KZT 498.1 thousand. In 9 regions, household income is below the national average of KZT 602.6 thousand: Pavlodar, East Kazakhstan, Almaty, North Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Turkistan, Kostanay, Akmola regions and Shymkent. In particular, he noted that the creation of productive jobs is extremely important for the Southern regions, which account for about 30% of the country's working-age population. In this issue the President speaks of reducing regional disparities and points to territorial development considering the competitive advantages of different regions and speaks of active industrial capacity of South and South-East of the country. I would like to note that the full implementation of the proposed measures and the achievement of a positive effect is determined by the human factor. We believe that it is necessary to increase the role of culture and the formation of correct values among people - values focused on honest work, self-development, and love for the Motherland. Within the framework of improving labor productivity and increasing its remuneration, it is necessary to conduct labor rationing in all sectors of the economy. Improving the quality of goods and services and increasing labor productivity cannot be achieved only by encouraging employees to increase wages. In general, the implementation of the initiatives of the President of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, announced in the Address, will have a positive impact on the socio-economic development of the regions.
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